Hydrogen deuterium exchange and other mass spectrometry- based approaches for epitope mapping

Antigen-antibody interactions are a fundamental subset of protein-protein responsible for the “survival fittest.” Determining interacting interface antigen, called an epitope, and that on antibody, paratope, is crucial to antibody development. Because each antigen presents multiple epitopes (unique footprints), sophisticated approaches required determine target region given antibody. Although X-ray crystallography, Cryo-EM, nuclear magnetic resonance can provide atomic details they often laborious, poor in throughput, insensitive. Mass spectrometry-based offer rapid turnaround, intermediate structural resolution, virtually no size limit making them vital approach epitope mapping. In this review, we describe detail principles hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry application We also show combination MS-based assist or complement mapping push resolution residue level. MS methods used mapping, our perspective about approaches, focus elucidating role HDX-MS playing now future by organizing discussion centered around several improvements prototype instrument/applications At end, tabular summary current literature HDX-MS-based